Software Technology FAQs and Books

tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-174793742011-08-04T20:48:27.517-07:00Software Technology FAQs and BooksHere you can find information on information technology, software techology related faqs and books, documentationdwhfaqhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514610354291137729noreply@blogger.comBlogger541100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-17479374.post-1128757936124147072005-10-08T00:52:00.000-07:002005-11-16T23:45:07.613-08:00My Faq

My FaqInformatica Informadica Faq-14 Informatica Faq-13 Informatica Faq-12 Informatica Faq-11 Informatica Faq-10 Informatica Faq-9 InformaticaFaq-8 Informatica Faq-7 InformaticaFaq-6 InformaticaFaq-5 Informatica Faq 4 Informatica Faq 3 Informatica Faq 2 Informatica Faq 1Informatica TuningInformatica Tuning 1Informatica Tuning 2Informatica Tuning 3SQL PL/SQL Oracle Ooracle Toubleshooting Oracle

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Go To Data WareHousing Faqs Home FACTLESS FACT TABLEFact tables don't have any facts ($ amounts) at all! They may consist of nothing but keys. These are called factless fact tables. The first type of factless fact table is a table that records an event. Many event-tracking tables in dimensional data warehouses turn out to be factless. One good example is: track student attendance at a college.

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Q:What are the mapings that we use for slowly changing dimension table?A:Type1: Rows containing changes to existing dimensions are updated in the target by overwriting the existing dimension. In the Type 1 Dimension mapping, all rows contain current dimension data. Use the Type 1 Dimension mapping to update a slowly changing dimension table when you do not need to keep any previous versions of

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Q:What is power center repository?A:The PowerCenter repository allows you to share metadata across repositories to create a data mart domain. In a data mart domain, yoYou can create a single global repository to store metadata used across an enterprise, and a number of local repositories to share the global metadata as needed.Q:What are the types of metadata that stores in repository?A:Following

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Q:What is difference between stored procedure transformation and external procedure transformation?A:In case of storedprocedure transformation procedure will be compiled and executed in a relational data source.U need data base connection to import the stored procedure.Q:What are two types of processes that informatica runs the session?A:Load manager Process: Starts the session, creates the DTM

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Using ContextsA context is a rule by which determines which of two paths can be chosen when more than one path is possible in the database. With certain database structures, you may need to use contexts rather than aliases to resolve loops. A situation where this commonly occurs is a transactional database with multiple fact tables (“multiple stars”) that share lookup tables.Contexts defined in a

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The user profile determines by default what products a user can use:• General Supervisor (all products)• Supervisor (all products)• Designer (all products but SUPERVISOR)• Supervisor-Designer (all products)• User (all products but DESIGNER and SUPERVISOR)• Versatile (configurable)A Business Objects repository is a set of data structures stored on a database. A repository makes it possible to

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Which columns go to the fact table and which columns go the dimension table? (My user needs to see element broken by All elements before broken = Fact Measures All elements after broken = Dimension Elements What is a level of Granularity of a fact table? What does this signify? (Weekly level summarization there is no need to have Invoice Number in the fact table anymore) Granularity is the lowest

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What is a data-warehouse? A data warehouse is subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant and non-volatile [data] collection in support of management decision making processes. (OR) A data warehouse, is a collection of data gathered from one or more data repositories to create a new, central database.Storage of large volumes of data, Historical data, Load and save - no updates Reporting system,

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100 .What is tracing level and what r the types of tracing level? Tracing level represents the amount of information that informatcia server writes in a log file. Types of tracing level Normal Verbose Verbose init Verbose data101. What is difference between stored procedure transformation and external procedure transformation?

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80.When the informatica server marks that a batch is failed? If one of session is configured to "run if previous completes" and that previous session fails.81. What is a command that used to run a batch? pmcmd is used to start a batch.82. What r the different options used to configure the sequential batches? Two options Run the session only if previous session completes

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60. What r the new features of the server manager in the informatica 5.0? U can use command line arguments for a session or batch.This allows U to change the values of session parameters,and mapping parameters and maping variables. Parallel data processig: This feature is available for powercenter only.If we use the informatica server on a SMP system,U can use multiple CPU's to process

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40.Why we use stored procedure transformation? For populating and maintaining data bases.42.What r the types of data that passes between informatica server and stored procedure? 3 types of data Input/Out put parameters Return Values Status code.43.What is the status code? Status code provides error handling for

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20.How can U improve session performance in aggregator transformation? Use sorted input.21.What is aggregate cache in aggregator transforamtion? The aggregator stores data in the aggregate cache until it completes aggregate calculations.When u run a session that uses an aggregator transformation,the informatica server creates index and data caches in memory to process the

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Q) How many Universes did you create? Q) Tell me how many classes where there, and objects in each class? Q) What is an Object? A) An object is the most refined component in a universe. It maps to data or a derivation of data in the database. Using objects, end users can build queries to generate reports. Q) What is Object qualification? A) For the purposes of multidimensional analysis, objects

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Q) What is BOmain.key? A) A file that contains the address of the repository's security domain. This file must be distributed to all users who will access the BusinessObjects repository to share universes and documents. By default, the bomain.key is placed in the BusinessObjects\LocData folder on your system. Supervisor Questions Q) What is the Business Objects repository? A) The Business Objects

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1. Installation:2. Configuration:3. BO:4. Supervisor:5. WeBI:6. Performance:7. General:1. What type of joins results incremental results?Loops, Chasm trap, fan trap, Serial many-to-many2. What is fan trap and how do you detect it and resolve it?Create alias and aggregateUsing multiple statements for each measure3. How you resolve a loop? Which is best way / why? Example4. Can we use both context

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How can I calculate the number of hours between two dates? The best way to do it (and the fastest) is to do it in the database. If you simply subtract the two days, you will get a number in the format D.T, where "D" is the number of days, and "T" is the fraction of days in decimal form. In other words, day 2 and noon minus day 1 at midnight will yield 1.5 as the result. Take this number and

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How do I migrate universes between repositories? Although it is not advisable to have multiple repositories, sometimes it is necessary. Migrating universes from one repository to another is not difficult, at least the first time. Log into Designer, using the Key of the repository that currently contains the universe. Import the universe. Click on File - Save As, and, in the Save As dialogue box,

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Optimize Joiner TransformationsJoiner transformations can slow performance because they need additional space in memory at run time to hold intermediate results.Define the rows from the smaller set of data in the joiner as the Master rows. The Master rows are cached to memory and the detail records are then compared to rows in the cache of the Master rows. In order to minimize memory requirements

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Optimize Lookup TransformationsThere are a number of ways to optimize lookup transformations that are setup in a mapping.When to Cache LookupsWhen caching is enabled, the PowerCenter Server caches the lookup table and queries the lookup cache during the session. When this option is not enabled, the PowerCenter Server queries the lookup table on a row-by-row basis.Sharing Lookup CachesThere are a

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mapping-level optimization takes time to implement but can significantly boost performance. Sometimes the mapping is the biggest bottleneck in the load process because business rules determine the number and complexity of transformations in a mapping.Before deciding on the best route to optimize the mapping architecture, you need to resolve some basic issues. Tuning mappings is a tiered process.

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What are the entrance and exit criteria in the system test?Entrance and exit criteria of each testing phase is written in the master test plan.Enterence Criteria:- Integration exit criteria have been successfully met.- All installation documents are completed.- All shippable software has been successfully built- Syate, test plan is baselined by completing the walkthrough of the test plan.- Test

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Does automation replace manual testing?No, it does not. There could be several scenarios that cannot be automated or simply too complicated that manual testing would be easier and cost effective. Further automation tools have several constrains with regard the environment in which they run and IDEs they support.How will you choose a tool for test automation?ORHow we decide which automation tool

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Describe me the difference between validation and verification?Verification: typically involves reviews and meetings to evaluate documents, plans, code, requirements, and specifications. This can be done with checklists, issues lists, walkthroughs, and inspection meetings. Validation: typically involves actual testing and takes place after verifications are completed. The term 'IV & V' refers to

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Describe your experience with code analyzers?Code analyzers generally check for bad syntax, logic, and other language-specific programming errors at the source level. This level of testing is often referred to as unit testing and server component testing. I used code analyzers as part of white box testing.How do you feel about cyclomatic complexity?Cyclomatic complexity is a measure of the number

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What is White box testing/unit testing?Unit testing - The most 'micro' scale of testing; to test particular functions or code modules. Typically done by the programmer and not by testers, as it requires detailed knowledge of the internal program design and code. Not always easily done unless the application has a well-designed architecture with tight code; may require developing test driver

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Explain the software development lifecycle.There are seven stages of the software development lifecycle1. Initiate the project – The users identify their Business requirements.2. Define the project – The software development team translates the business requirements into system specifications and put together into System Specification Document.3. Design the system – The System Architecture Team

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1.While importing the relational source defintion from database,what are the meta data of source U import? Source name Database location Column names Datatypes Key constraints2. Howmany ways U can update a relational source defintion and what r they? Two ways 1. Edit the definition 2. Reimport the defintion3.Where should U place the flat file

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Q: Can individual objects within a repository be restored from the back-up or from a prior version?At the present time, individual objects cannot be restored from a back-up using the PowerCenter Repository Manager (i.e., you can only restore the entire repository). But, it is possible to restore the back up repository into a different database and then manually copy the individual objects back

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Q: Assuming a workflow failure, does PowerCenter allow restart from the point of failure?No. When a workflow fails, you can choose to start a workflow from a particular task but not from the point of failure. It is possible, however, to create tasks and flows based on error handling assumptions.Q: What guidelines exist regarding the execution of multiple concurrent sessions / workflows within or

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Q: What are some considerations for determining how many objects and transformations to include in a single mapping?There are several items to consider when building a mapping. The business requirement is always the first consideration, regardless of the number of objects it takes to fulfill the requirement. The most expensive use of the DTM is passing unnecessary data through the mapping. It is

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The following pages summarize some of the questions that typically arise during development and suggest potential resolutions. Q: How does source format affect performance? (i.e., is it more efficient to source from a flat file rather than a database?)In general, a flat file that is located on the server machine loads faster than a database located on the server machine. Fixed-width files are

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1. How can you determine if an Oracle instance is up from the operating system level?Level: LowExpected answer: There are several base Oracle processes that will be running on multi-user operating systems, these will be smon, pmon, dbwr and lgwr. Any answer that has them using their operating system process showing feature to check for these is acceptable. For example, on UNIX a ps -ef|grep dbwr

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1. Define OFA.Level: LowExpected answer: OFA stands for Optimal Flexible Architecture. It is a method of placing directories and files in an Oracle system so that you get the maximum flexibility for future tuning and file placement.2. How do you set up your tablespace on installation?Level: LowExpected answer: The answer here should show an understanding of separation of redo and rollback, data

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1. A tablespace has a table with 30 extents in it. Is this bad? Why or why not.Level: IntermediateExpected answer: Multiple extents in and of themselves aren’t bad. However if you also have chained rows this can hurt performance.2. How do you set up tablespaces during an Oracle installation?Level: LowExpected answer: You should always attempt to use the Oracle Flexible Architecture standard or

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1. Give one method for transferring a table from one schema to another:Level:IntermediateExpected Answer: There are several possible methods, export-import, CREATE TABLE... AS SELECT, or COPY.2. What is the purpose of the IMPORT option IGNORE? What is it’s default setting?Level: LowExpected Answer: The IMPORT IGNORE option tells import to ignore "already exists" errors. If it is not specified the

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1. How can variables be passed to a SQL routine?Level: LowExpected answer: By use of the & symbol. For passing in variables the numbers 1-8 can be used (&1, &2,...,&8) to pass the values after the command into the SQLPLUS session. To be prompted for a specific variable, place the ampersanded variable in the code itself:"select * from dba_tables where owner=&owner_name;" . Use of double ampersands

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1. Describe the difference between a procedure, function and anonymous pl/sql block.Level: LowExpected answer : Candidate should mention use of DECLARE statement, a function must return a value while a procedure doesn’t have to.2. What is a mutating table error and how can you get around it?Level: IntermediateExpected answer: This happens with triggers. It occurs because the trigger is trying to

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PParallel Data Orgnization an arrangement of data in which the data is spread over independent storage devices and is managed independently.Parallel Search Storage a storage device in which one or more parts of all storage locations are queried simultaneously for a certain condition or under certain parameters.Parsing the algorithm that translates syntax into meaningful machine instructions.

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IIndexing fastest searching recordsInformation Data that has been processed in such a way that it can increase the knowledge of the person who receives it.Information Systems Architecture The authoritative definition of the business rules, systems structure, technical framework, and product backbone for business information systems.Instance a set of values representing a specific entity belonging

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DData Facts, concepts, or instructions that a computer records, stores and processes. Used in conjunction with INFORMATION SYSTEMS, “raw data” is organized in such a way that people can understand the results.Data Cleansing Removing errors and inconsistencies from data being inported to a data warehouse.Data Dictionary a software tool for recording the definition of data, the relationship of one

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Agent An application that searches data and sends an alert when a certain situation occurs. (See ALERT)Aggregate data: Individual data items, data groups, arrays, tables etc. that can be assembled to form a whole.Alerts and Alarms Messages sent automatically by a computer system when an AGENT identifies a certain situation. For example, if stock of an item in a warehouse drops to a certain level,

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50. How do automate/schedule sessions/batches n did u use any tool for automating Sessions/batch?Ans: We scheduled our sessions/batches using Server Manager. You can either schedule a session to run at a given time or interval, or you can manually start the session. U needto hv create sessions n batches with Read n Execute permissions or super user privilege. If you

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40. How do u qry the Metadata tables for Informatica?41(i). When do u use connected lookup n when do u use unconnected lookup?Ans: Connected Lookups : -A connected Lookup transformation is part of the mapping data flow. With connected lookups, you can have multiple return values. That is, you can pass multiple values from the same row in the lookup table out of the Lookup transformation. Common

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30. What u can do with Designer ?Ans: The Designer client application provides five tools to help you create mappings: Source Analyzer. Use to import or create source definitions for flat file, Cobol, ERP, and relational sources. Warehouse Designer. Use to import or create target definitions. Transformation Developer. Use to create reusable transformations. Mapplet Designer. Use

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20. When do u create the Source Definition ? Can I use this Source Defn to any Transformation?Ans: When working with a file that contains fixed-width binary data, you must create the source definition. The Designer displays the source definition as a table, consisting of names, datatypes, and constraints. To use a source definition in a mapping, connect a source definition to a

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10. What are the modules/tools in Business Objects? Explain theier purpose briefly?Ans: BO Designer, Business Query for Excel, BO Reporter, Infoview,Explorer,WEBI, BO Publisher, and Broadcast Agent, BO ZABO). InfoView: IT portal entry into WebIntelligence & Business Objects. Base module required for all options to view and refresh reports.

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1.Can 2 Fact Tables share same dimensions Tables? How many Dimension tables are associated with one Fact Table ur project?Ans: Yes2.What is ROLAP, MOLAP, and DOLAP...?Ans: ROLAP (Relational OLAP), MOLAP (Multidimensional OLAP), and DOLAP (Desktop OLAP). In these three OLAP architectures, the interface to the analytic layer is typically the same; what is quite different is how the data is

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1. How can you determine the space left in a file system?Level: LowExpected answer: There are several commands to do this: du, df, or bdf2. How can you determine the number of SQLNET users logged in to the UNIX system?Level: IntermediateExpected answer: SQLNET users will show up with a process unique name that begins with oracle, if you do a ps -ef|grep oracle|wc -l you can get a count of the

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1. Describe third normal form?Level: LowExpected answer: Something like: In third normal form all attributes in an entity are related to the primary key and only to the primary key2. Is the following statement true or false:"All relational databases must be in third normal form"Why or why not?Level: IntermediateExpected answer: False. While 3NF is good for logical design most databases, if they

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